Get Ready for Exterior Painting and Finishing — Prep Checks + Fixes for Common Issues

Visual checkpoints checklist

Use this checklist during your initial walk-around inspection to identify visible issues that need addressing before painting.

• Peeling paint: Check for any areas where paint is lifting or separating from the surface. This could be due to poor prep work, moisture, or age.
• Cracking: Inspect for hairline cracks or larger fissures. These can let in water and lead to bigger problems if not fixed.
• Stains: Look for discoloration that might indicate mold, mildew, or other underlying issues.
• Rot: Check wood surfaces for soft spots, crumbling, or dark areas, which could signal rot.
• Efflorescence: Inspect for white, powdery deposits on masonry surfaces. This is a sign of moisture migrating through the wall.
• Blistering: Check for raised, bubble-like formations in the paint. This usually indicates that moisture from below has become trapped under the paint film.
• Chalking: Rub your hand over painted surfaces to check for a white, powdery residue. This means the paint is breaking down and needs to be repainted.
• Photograph and map issues: Document each problem area with a photo and mark its location on a diagram of your home’s exterior. This will help you plan your repairs and painting.

Quick rule: Don’t skip this visual check. It’s your first line of defense against hidden problems that could derail your project.

• Moisture stains: Check for water stains on ceilings and walls. These could indicate a leaky roof or plumbing issue that needs to be fixed before painting.
• Warping or sagging: Inspect doors, windows, and other structural elements for signs of warping or sagging. This could indicate structural issues that need professional attention.
• Mold or mildew: Look for signs of mold or mildew growth. If found, you’ll need to address the moisture source and clean the area before painting.
• Cracking around windows and doors: Check for cracks around openings. These could be due to settling or movement and may need professional repair.
• Sagging or delaminating siding: Inspect your home’s exterior cladding for signs of sagging, warping, or peeling. This could indicate water damage or poor installation.
• Exterior trim condition: Check the condition of exterior trim. Damaged or rotting trim should be replaced before painting.
• Gutter and downspout function: Ensure your gutters and downspouts are functioning properly to prevent water damage.
• Consult a pro for complex issues: If you find signs of structural damage or other complex problems, consult a professional for assessment and advice.

Quick rule: Don’t just paint over problems. Addressing the underlying cause will save you time and money in the long run.

• Check for permits: Contact your local building department to find out if you need a permit for your painting project. Some areas require permits even for exterior paint jobs.
• Review HOA guidelines: If you live in an area with an HOA, review their rules and regulations to ensure your chosen colors and materials are approved.
• Check lead-based paint rules: If your home was built before 1978, it may contain lead-based paint. Check local and federal guidelines for safe removal and disposal.
• Evaluate environmental disposal requirements: Find out how to dispose of old paint and other materials in an environmentally friendly way. Some areas have specific rules for this.
• Check zoning laws: Ensure your project complies with local zoning laws, which may restrict the size or type of structures you can build or paint.
• Review property setback requirements: Check if there are any restrictions on how close to property lines you can paint or make changes.
• Consult a professional for complex rules: If you’re unsure about any regulations, consult a local painting contractor or building inspector for advice.

Quick rule: Always check the rules before you start. Fines and delays can be avoided with a little upfront research.

• Eye Protection: Wear safety glasses or goggles to protect your eyes from debris and paint splatter.
• Respirator or Mask: Use a respirator or dust mask to protect against harmful particles, especially when sanding or working with old paint.
• Gloves: Wear work gloves to protect your hands from cuts, scrapes, and chemicals.
• Head Protection: If you’re using ladders or scaffolding, wear a hard hat to prevent head injuries.
• Ladder Safety: Inspect your ladder before use, ensure it’s on stable ground, and maintain three points of contact while climbing.
• Staging Safety: If using staging, secure it properly and keep it level. Always have someone spotting you when working at heights.
• Clothing: Wear long sleeves, long pants, and closed-toe shoes for full-body protection.
• Follow SDS: Always follow the safety data sheets provided with your products to ensure proper handling and disposal.

Quick rule: Never compromise on safety. If you’re unsure about any aspect, stop and reassess before proceeding.

Prep and repair tools

Before painting or finishing, you’ll need to prep your surfaces. Use this checklist to gather the right tools for the job.

• Scrapers: Use 5-in-1 or putty knives to remove loose paint and prepare surfaces for sanding.
• Wire Brushes: Use stiff-bristled wire brushes to remove rust, dirt, and loose paint from metal surfaces.
• Sanders: Use orbital or palm sanders with 120-grit sandpaper to smooth surfaces. Power tools can speed up the process but use them carefully.
• Caulk Guns: Have a caulk gun on hand for filling gaps and cracks before painting.
• Cleaners: Use appropriate cleaners like TSP (trisodium phosphate) or bleach to remove dirt, grease, and mildew. Always rinse and let surfaces dry completely before painting.
• Putty Knife: Use a small putty knife for applying spackling compound to nail holes and minor dents.
• Hammer and Nails: Have a hammer and nails ready for tacking down loose edges or securing drop cloths.
• Tape Measure: Use a tape measure to ensure accurate cutting and placement of materials.

Quick rule: The right tool makes all the difference. Invest in quality tools that will last and make your job easier.

• Exterior Primer: Choose an oil-based or latex primer suitable for your surface type (wood, metal, masonry). Priming seals surfaces and improves paint adhesion.
• Topcoat Paint: Select a high-quality exterior acrylic latex paint with good coverage and durability. Check labels for UV protection and mildew resistance.
• Stain or Sealant: For wooden surfaces, choose an appropriate stain or sealant to protect against moisture and enhance natural wood grain.
• Mold Inhibitors: Add mold inhibitors to your primer and paint to prevent mold and mildew growth on damp surfaces.
• Paint Compatibility: Ensure all your paints, primers, and sealants are compatible. Check labels or consult a paint professional if unsure.
• Caulk: Choose a paintable caulk suitable for exterior use to fill gaps and cracks before painting.
• Paint Brushes and Rollers: Invest in good-quality brushes (2-2.5 inches) and rollers (9-inch, 3/8-inch nap) for smooth application.
• Painter’s Tape: Use painter’s tape to mask off areas you don’t want to paint. Remove it before the paint dries for clean lines.

Quick rule: Always check product labels and consult with a paint professional if needed. The right products make all the difference in exterior painting success.