How to waterproof polished concrete floor

How to waterproof polished concrete floor

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Introduction

Would you like to have a polished concrete floor, but you don’t know how waterproof it is? Or maybe you’re planning for a room that has water use, but don’t know how to get the slab waterproof?

I chose these two questions as the answers will be for two different problems. The first question is about a situation where the polished concrete is already there, but you don’t know what kind of water use it can handle.

The second question is something we have many ways to solve as nothing might be built yet. It’s natural to have more solutions at that point.

How is polished concrete done? There is an article about that in the link and there is also one about honing concrete if you’re interested in the subject.

Here I will concentrate more on the other things such as sealers and the final part will be the waterproofing.

Benefits of Waterproofing Polished Concrete Floors

Waterproofing your polished concrete floors offers numerous advantages that enhance both the functionality and longevity of your flooring:

  • Prevents Water Damage: Protects the concrete and underlying structures from moisture infiltration, reducing the risk of cracks, mold, and mildew.
  • Enhances Durability: Waterproofing extends the life of your polished concrete by shielding it from wear and tear.
  • Maintains Aesthetic Appeal: A well-sealed floor retains its shine and smooth appearance, making it easier to clean and maintain.
  • Increases Property Value: High-quality, waterproofed polished concrete floors can boost the overall value of your property.
  • Improves Indoor Air Quality: By preventing mold and mildew growth, waterproofing contributes to a healthier living environment.
  • Cost-Effective: Investing in waterproofing now can save you from expensive repairs and replacements in the future.

How Long Do Polished Concrete Floors Last?

Before we get to the business, it’s good to know how long does a polished concrete last. It will help us to see the worth of waterproofing properly.

It will also show how proper care is important to protect the value of decorative concrete. As we all know, it will last as long as we take good care of it.

If there are no structural defects on the concrete slab or anything else that might cause the slab to be damaged, the polished concrete floor is most often promised to last 20 years.

If it’s well maintained and sealed when it’s supposed to, some speak of a lifetime. Personally, I have no experience with that, but when you think about how long concrete can last, it’s quite possible.

In that sense, in a room that has water use like a laundry room or kitchen, it might make sense to waterproof the slab properly. Some waterproofing can also last from 20 years to a half-century, depending on the material used.

Most bathroom waterproofing systems talk about a 10-year guarantee. You can draw some rough outlines from this kind of information.

It will also depend a lot on how much space sees use. When it’s used a lot, maintenance is the key to long life.

Choosing the Right Waterproofing Method

Selecting the appropriate waterproofing method depends on several factors, including the intended use of the space, the level of water exposure, and budget considerations. Here’s how to choose the right method for your polished concrete floor:

  • Assess Water Exposure: Determine how much water exposure your floor will encounter. High-exposure areas like bathrooms and kitchens may require more robust waterproofing methods.
  • Consider Usage Patterns: High-traffic areas need durable sealers that can withstand constant wear and tear.
  • Evaluate Budget: Advanced waterproofing techniques may offer better protection but can be more expensive. Balance your budget with the level of protection needed.
  • Compatibility with Existing Seals: Ensure that the new waterproofing method is compatible with any existing sealers or treatments applied to the floor.
  • Ease of Application: Some methods require professional installation, while others can be applied DIY. Choose a method that aligns with your skill level and resources.
Sealing polished concrete floors will prolong its age

Waterproofing Polished Concrete

So how can we waterproof polished concrete? The surface itself is a little water-resistant after polishing and a densifier has been used on the surface. If it’s sealed well, it’s even more resistant.

Still, it’s only resistant against spills and such, and depending on how the house is built, the edges of the concrete might not be resistant to water. If a water pipe breaks or some other accident with water happens, water might get into the structures from the edges of the slab.

It always finds a way.

Polished Concrete Sealer

As stated before, concrete densifiers can and should be used on polished concrete floor surfaces. They will stop dusting, make the surface harder, and fill the concrete pores.

When the pores on the surface are filled, it’s harder for moisture and dirt to enter them. For normal everyday use, it’s enough.

When you’re sealing polished concrete floors, you will add more to that protective layer. Just remember when you’re shopping for a polished concrete sealer that you need to explain to the sellers what kind of room it’s used in.

Depending on if it’s a water-based sealer or solvent-based, they will have different qualities and looks.

You can also think about a burnished concrete sealer, which is done a little bit differently. A high rpm burnisher is used to spread the topical coating. It will heat and melt to provide some extra protection and provides a high gloss surface for the polished concrete.

If you want to maintain the shine, you can try buffing polished concrete floors when it starts to get dim. Or just burnish again.

The problem with sealers is that if and when it cracks, the water can get through the cracks to the concrete. For that, we might need a stronger solution, such as a waterproof membrane or a specialized epoxy coating.

How to Waterproof Polished Concrete

Now to the interesting part. I guess we could say that concrete densifiers, sealers, etc., can give us enough practical waterproofing for normal use, but what about real waterproofing?

Real waterproofing refers to creating a barrier that prevents any water from penetrating the concrete, even in the event of a severe leak or flooding. This level of protection is essential in areas prone to high moisture levels or where water exposure is frequent.

The kind of waterproofing that can handle water pipes that start to spray water or sudden rise of water on the floor from drainage and such accidents. I personally used this method on my garage that has a water drain.

The problem was that whenever the sewer stopped draining, it could fill the floor to the floors if no one would notice. I wanted to keep it as a concrete surface so I did the following and poured another slab on top.

Step 1: Install a puddle flange on the garage concrete floor drain. If you don’t have a floor drain, you can ignore this step.

You can install it on top of the slab, but it might not look that good with polished concrete. I installed it on the old garage floor level. You can read more about how to install it in the linked article.

Step 2: Waterproof the edges of the floor with waterproofing corner tape or whatever is recommended with the waterproof you choose. It’s meant to reinforce the corners so if there is a wall moving and such, it won’t crack and not provide protection from water anymore.

There are self-adhesive tapes on the market; I usually use ones that are not. I use waterproof to attach them to the wall and the floor. Half and half.

Now here it’s good to remember that if you’re raising the concrete floor, you should add at least 2 inches to the height when you put waterproof on the walls. You want it to reach a good height so it will provide protection if water is rising.

Step 3: Once the corners have cured, it’s time to do the floor, and I’d do a second coating on the corners and walls as well. For them to be thick as it’s the weak point.

It’s important to follow the waterproof system manufacturer’s information with curing times and such. If they have a method to do corners, use those, etc. These systems are built to work together, so why not use them.

Also, search local info about what is recommended under the slab in a situation like this. Not every product can handle it, I would guess.

Step 4: After the waterproof has cured, you can pour the slab on top of it. Use the method you like the most to do it.

Remember to float it well so that there is “cream” on top to polish it. If you don’t want the exposed aggregates to look.

Remember that it takes 28 days to cure before you start polishing it. Also, remember that if you want it to reach maximum strength, you need to water it a little if you water cure.

Step 5: After the concrete has cured, it’s time for grinding and polishing. There were guides linked at the beginning of the article.

Step 6: Once you have the ground concrete floor at your hand and you have polished it, nothing stops you from using sealer or some other means like burnishing on it or using floor polish for concrete floors. It will provide some extra protection and help your concrete to last longer.

Choosing the Right Waterproofing Sealant

Selecting the appropriate waterproofing sealant is crucial for the effectiveness and longevity of your polished concrete floor. Different sealants offer varying levels of protection, finishes, and application methods. Here are some factors to consider when choosing a sealant:

  • Type of Sealant:
    • Penetrating Sealers: These sealers penetrate the concrete to form a barrier against moisture without altering the surface appearance. They are ideal for maintaining the natural look of polished concrete.
    • Topical Sealers: Applied on the surface, these sealers create a protective film that can provide additional shine or matte finishes. They offer robust protection but may require more frequent reapplication.
    • Epoxy Sealers: Known for their high durability and resistance to chemicals, epoxy sealers are suitable for high-traffic areas and commercial spaces.
  • Finish: Consider whether you want a glossy, satin, or matte finish. The choice of sealant will affect the final appearance of your floor.
  • VOC Levels: Low-VOC or zero-VOC sealers are preferable for indoor applications to minimize health risks and environmental impact.
  • Application Method: Ensure the sealant is compatible with your application tools and methods, whether it’s sprayed, rolled, or brushed on.
  • Durability: Choose a sealant that matches the wear and tear expected in the area. High-traffic areas may require more durable sealants.
  • Maintenance Requirements: Some sealers require periodic reapplication to maintain their effectiveness. Factor in the maintenance effort when selecting a sealant.

Common Mistakes in Waterproofing Polished Concrete Floors

Avoiding common mistakes can significantly enhance the effectiveness of your waterproofing efforts. Here are some pitfalls to watch out for:

  • Insufficient Surface Preparation: Failing to properly clean and prepare the concrete surface can lead to poor adhesion of sealants.
  • Skipping the Densifier: Not applying a densifier can leave pores open, reducing the effectiveness of the waterproofing sealant.
  • Using the Wrong Sealant: Selecting a sealant that is not suited for your specific needs can result in inadequate protection.
  • Poor Application Technique: Uneven application of sealants can create weak spots where water can penetrate.
  • Ignoring Manufacturer’s Instructions: Not following the recommended application and curing times can compromise the sealant’s performance.
  • Overlooking Edge Sealing: Ensuring that the edges and corners are properly sealed is crucial to prevent water from seeping in.
  • Neglecting Regular Maintenance: Failing to maintain the sealant can lead to deterioration and reduced waterproofing capabilities.

Maintenance Tips for Waterproofed Polished Concrete Floors

Proper maintenance is essential to preserve the waterproofing and overall appearance of your polished concrete floor. Here are some tips to help you maintain your floor effectively:

  • Regular Cleaning: Sweep or vacuum the floor regularly to remove dirt and debris that can scratch the surface.
  • Use Appropriate Cleaners: Avoid harsh chemicals that can degrade the sealant. Use pH-neutral cleaners specifically designed for polished concrete.
  • Address Spills Immediately: Wipe up spills promptly to prevent staining and potential damage to the sealant.
  • Reapply Sealant as Needed: Depending on the type of sealant used, reapply it according to the manufacturer’s recommendations to maintain optimal protection.
  • Avoid High Heels and Heavy Footwear: These can cause indentations and scratches on the polished surface.
  • Protect Against UV Exposure: Use rugs or mats in areas with direct sunlight to prevent discoloration and fading of the concrete floor.
  • Monitor for Cracks: Regularly inspect the floor for any cracks or signs of wear and address them promptly to prevent water infiltration.

Benefits of Professional Waterproofing Services

While DIY waterproofing can be effective, hiring professional waterproofing services offers several advantages:

  • Expertise and Experience: Professionals have the knowledge and experience to select and apply the most effective waterproofing methods for your specific needs.
  • Quality Assurance: Professional services ensure that the waterproofing is applied correctly, reducing the risk of future water damage.
  • Time Efficiency: Professionals can complete the waterproofing process more quickly and efficiently than DIY methods.
  • Access to Advanced Materials: Professionals often have access to high-quality, specialized waterproofing materials that may not be readily available to the public.
  • Comprehensive Solutions: Professionals can assess and address all potential water intrusion points, providing a more thorough waterproofing solution.

Conclusion

You should know now how to waterproof a polished concrete floor in two ways. Both have their own uses, and I’d not go through with the later method if there is no potential water damage risk.

Pretty much floors that have equipment for handling the water heating and such, laundry rooms, and other rooms that have the potential for water damage.

I know many of these aren’t done usually, but if you have a chance to make some changes, it could be one way to go. Or if you’re planning to DIY.

I know I sleep better with my garage more waterproof now, I don’t have to stress about the sewer overflowing there that much. I’m a little more sensitive to water damage as I’ve seen early in my career how easily it travels through a building with multiple floors.

It finds a way into the structures and can come out of surprising places. For that reason, I try to watch my back with the previously mentioned rooms.

Also, if you’re interested in polished concrete floor finishes, there is still acid staining that could be done on the floor. It changes the color by the chemical reaction so it could be polished in theory.

If you’re looking for alternatives for traditional reflective polish or the exposed aggregates, consider exploring other decorative techniques such as stained concrete, stamped patterns, or the use of colored concrete dyes. These alternatives can provide unique visual effects while maintaining the durability and functionality of a polished concrete floor.